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Preparation before your radiation therapy

Preparation before your radiation therapy

Preparation before your radiation therapy

A good preparation can make your radiotherapy sessions less difficult than expected, including your transportation or accommodation needs. Additionally, your preparation will play an essential role in a faster and less stressful recovery. By reading the following on this page, you will know what to expect and how to cope with it.

Be active

It’s important to stay active for your health, even if you have prostate cancer. Therefore, if you already engage in regular physical activity, continue to do so. If not, it’s never too late to add some low-intensity physical activity to your daily routine.

Thus, a simple walk of 15 to 30 minutes can be beneficial.

Try to quit smoking

Although it’s stressful, it’s recommended to quit smoking to reduce the risk of lung problems and infections. If needed, your doctor can prescribe medications to help you.

Reduce your alcohol consumption

Alcohol can exacerbate urinary and intestinal problems. That’s why it’s recommended to reduce your alcohol consumption.

Adopt good pre-treatment dietary habits

A healthy and balanced diet will also help you prepare before all of your treatments to boost energy and stay fit.

Basic pre-treatment advice

  • Have 3 meals a day and snacks as needed.
  • Consume foods from all four food groups of the Canadian Food Guide (low-fat dairy products, fruits and vegetables, grain products, lean meats, skinless poultry, fish, and substitutes) to ensure daily adequate intake of various nutrients.
  • Have at least one meal a day of lean meat, skinless poultry, or fish to ensure daily adequate intake of various nutrients.
  • Give importance to vegetables and fruits, which are an excellent source of vitamins and minerals.
  • Drink enough water (at least 1500 ml per day or 6 to 8 glasses of water).
  • Note: Your diet will change when you start your treatments. You will receive instructions accordingly.

Your medications

Check with your doctor for guidance before stopping your medications.

Natural products

If needed, discuss this first with your radiation oncologist.

Plan your leave from work with your employer

If you need to receive your treatments in another region than yours, you will have to inform your employer. Planning your sick leave and return to work is important for your recovery and peace of mind. So, it’s essential to address the issue promptly if you are working.

If you have private insurance, talk to your insurer or your company’s Human Resources department to manage your absence and minimize your stress.

Organize your transportation

If you live in an urban area close to the hospital where the interventions take place, transportation may not be problematic. However, distance and repeated visits can pose a problem, and assistance in transportation and even accommodation becomes necessary for the smooth running of the entire treatment.

Are your treatments far from home?

If needed, contact the Quebec Cancer Foundation for accommodation. They offer affordable, comfortable, and safe accommodation near major radiation oncology centers. Their hotels in Montreal, Gatineau, Sherbrooke, Lévis, Quebec City, and Trois-Rivières welcome you and a close companion for the duration of your treatments.

The hospital where your treatment takes place is responsible for helping you meet your transportation and accommodation needs. The Ministry of Health and Social Services has revised its User Transportation policy, which it has transmitted to all directors of health and social service establishments and to all presidents/general managers of health and social service agencies.

In its preamble, the document specifies: trips for a Quebec resident requiring transport to a health and social services network establishment are not covered by the Quebec Health Insurance Board. In principle, any trip to a network establishment is the responsibility of the person being transported unless they are eligible for a government-sponsored free program. And people with cancer are among those eligible for a government-sponsored free program.

In general, it is the designated social worker of the referring establishment who is responsible for guiding you through your transportation or accommodation procedures and for informing you of the rules and specificities of the transportation program that apply in your case.

Additional Information - Preparation before your radiation therapy

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Sources and references
Last medical and editorial review: April 2024. See our web page validation committee and our collaborators by clicking here.

Discover our animated video!

Symptoms, risk and screening
Are you over 50 years old, or have you been having urinary problems for some time now? This video is for you! Several diseases can affect your prostate, and it’s important to detect them early. Let’s take a closer look. 

 

Anatomy

What is the prostate

Illustration de l’appareil de l’homme pour un cancer prostate

The prostate is a gland:

  • Located between the bladder and the penis, just in front of the rectum;
  • Formed of 2 lobes which surround the urethra, a canal that runs through the center of the prostate, from the bladder to the penis, letting urine and sperm flow out of the body;
  • The size of a walnut, which grows larger in size in your forties;
  • That has a soft, spongy texture to the touch like a small, ripe plum.

The prostate is made of:

  • Gland cells that secrete liquids for ejaculation;
  • Muscle cells that participate in the evacuation of your sperm during ejaculation;
  • Fiber cells that maintain the structure of the gland.

Around the prostate, we find:

  • The seminal vesicles, glands that produce sperm and that are located on either side of the prostate;
  • The vas deferens, the tube that carries sperm from the testicle to the seminal vesicles;
  • The nerve bundles that control your bladder and erectile function and that are located on either side of your prostate.

Structure

Three main zones of the prostate

Illustration des 3 zones de la prostate de l’homme cancer prostate

Peripheral zone

  • The peripheral zone is the largest area of the prostate. It can easily be felt by the doctor during a digital rectal exam (DRE).
  • Most prostate cancers start in the peripheral zone.

Transition zone

  • This is the area located in the middle of the prostate, between the peripheral and central areas. It surrounds your urethra that runs through the prostate.
  • With age, the transitional area increases in size until it becomes the largest portion of your prostate. This is called benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or enlarged prostate.

Central zone

  • It is the part of the prostate that is farthest from the rectum. This is why prostate tumors located in this area can not be felt by the doctor during a digital rectal examination.
  • If the doctor is in doubt, the following information will help decide if additional investigation is necessary:
    • Your PSA level
    • Your age and family history
    • Your ethnic origin

Fonction

In short

Illustration d’une prostate saine cancer prostate

Your fertility and natural fertilization

  • It produces … a prostatic fluid rich in enzymes, proteins and minerals that nourishes and protects your spermatozoa.
  • It makes … a protein (APS) that is used to liquefy your sperm to facilitate the mobility of your spermatozoa.
  • It allows … ejaculation by contracting.
  • It promotes … fertility through its enzymes facilitating the penetration of sperm through the cervix.
  • It is not related to the mechanism of erection. Therefore, the origin of erectile dysfunction lies elsewhere.

Additional details

Exocrine Function

The prostate is made up of thousands of tiny fluid-producing glands. Specifically, the prostate is an exocrine gland. Exocrine glands are so-called because they secrete through ducts to the outside of the body (or into a cavity that communicates with the outside). Sweat glands are another example of an exocrine gland.

The fluid that the prostate gland produces forms part of semen, the fluid that carries sperm during orgasm. This fluid, produced in the prostate, is stored with sperm in the seminal vesicles. When the male climaxes, muscular contractions cause the prostate to secrete this fluid into the urethra, where it is expelled from the body through the penis.

Urine Flow

The prostate wraps itself around the urethra as it passes from the bladder to the penis. Prostatic changes can affect urine flow. Increasing the size of the prostate or muscle tone may impede the flow of urine due to the close anatomical relationship between the urethra and the prostate.

Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA)

The prostate also produces a protein called prostate-specific antigen (PSA). PSA is released with the ejaculatory fluid and can also be traced in the bloodstream. The testing of PSA levels in the blood is used to detect prostate cancer. The level of PSA in the blood is usually measured in nanograms of PSA per milliliter of blood (ng/mL).

A raised PSA level

Usually, a PSA rate of less than 4 nanograms per milliliter of blood is normal, but age should also be taken into consideration as PSA levels gradually increase with age. A rise in PSA concentration may indicate the presence of:

  • An enlarged prostate (benign prostatic hyperplasia)
  • An inflammation or infection of the prostate (prostatitis)
  • A prostate cancer

Your doctor will have you undergo other tests to determine the exact cause of the increase in your PSA.

We are here for you

You have questions or concerns? Don’t hesitate. Contact us at 1-855-899-2873 to discuss with one of our nurses specialized in uro-oncology. They are there to listen, support and answer your questions, and those of your family or your loved ones. It’s simple and free, like all of our other services.

Also take the time to visit each of our pages on this website, as well as our YouTube channel, in order to get familiar with the disease, our expert lectures, our section on available resources, the support that is offered to you, our events and ways to get involved to advance the cause..

 

Staying Informed

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The medical content and editorial team at PROCURE
Our team is composed of urologists, and nurses certified in uro-oncology with a deep knowledge of prostate cancer and other diseases related to the genitourinary system. Meet our staff by clicking here.

Sources and references

Last medical and editorial review: September 2023
Written by PROCURE. © All rights reserved

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